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The 1770s

1770

Battle of Chesmé on the Black Sea: Russian navy defeats the Turks

1770

M. Miloradovich born in St Petersburg

1 Mar 1770

L. P. Montbrun born in Florensac (Hérault)

2 Mar 1770

L. G. Suchet born in Lyon

7 Apr 1770

W. Wordsworth born in Cockermouth, Cumberland

10 May 1770

L. N. Davout born in Annoux (Yonne)

22 May 1770

V. L. Berthier born in Versailles

3 Aug 1770

Frederick William (III) von Hohenzollern born in Potsdam

4 Aug 1770

F. E. de Kellermann born in Metz

27 Aug 1770

G. W. F. Hegel born in Stuttgart

12 Sep 1770

F. Roguet born in Toulouse

16 Dec 1770

L. van Beethoven born in Bonn

1771

Discovery of Oxygen by Scheele

16 Mar 1771

A. J. Gros born in Paris

15 Apr 1771

C. P. Schwarzenberg born in Vienna

27 Apr 1771

J. Rapp born in Colmar

4 Jun 1771

C. A. L. A. Morand born in Pontarlier

16 Jun 1771

L. de Clermont dies

11 Aug 1771

F. L. Morland born in Souilly (Meuse)

15 Aug 1771

Sir W. Scott born in Edinburgh

15 Aug 1771

L. C. Chouard born in Strasbourg

5 Sep 1771

Charles von Habsburg born in Florence

24 Sep 1771

A. Junot born in Bussy-le-Grand, nr Alésia

1772

Nitrogen discovered by Rutherford

10 Feb 1772

J. W. L. Liechtenstein dies

17 Mar 1772

V. E. Leclerc born in Pontoise

5 Aug 1772

First Partition of Poland (against will of Maria Theresa). Russia gave up Danubian principalities

21 Oct 1772

S. T. Coleridge born in Ottery St Mary, Devon

25 Oct 1772

G. M. C. Duroc born in Pont-à-Mousson

3 Nov 1772

F. Lanusse born in Habas (Landes)

17 Nov 1772

H. F. B. Sebastiani born in La Porta d'Ampugnani (Corsica)

18 Jan 1773

J. Sulkowski born

30 Apr 1773

J. M. P. F. Dorsenne born in Ardres

15 May 1773

C. W. N. L. Metternich born in Coblenz

6 Sep 1773

F. Fournier (Sarlovèze) born in Sarlat (Dordogne)

8 Nov 1773

F. W. von Seydlitz dies, Ohlau, Lower Silesia (Olawa, Poland)

Peace of Kuchuk Kainardji. End of second Turkish war (Russia only). Russia obtained Azov

1774

J. B. de Muiron born

26 Apr 1774

A. J. M. R. Savary born in Marc-et-Chevrières (Ardennes)

20 Jul 1774

A. G. L. V. de Marmont born in Chatillon-sur-Seine

24 Oct 1774

F. Vigo-Roussillon born in Montpellier

1775

Pius VI elected Pope

1 Jan 1775

A. J. Bigarré born in Palais (Belle-Isle-en-Mer)

18 Apr 1775

First armed clash of American War of Independence at Lexington

23 Apr 1775

J. M. W. Turner born in London

10 May 1775

A. C. L. Lasalle born in Metz

21 May 1775

L. Bonaparte born in Ajaccio

26 Jun 1775

J. J. Desvaux de Saint-Maurice born in Paris

14 Jul 1775

Y. P. Daumesnil born in Périgueux

16 Dec 1775

J. Austen born in Steventon, Hants

17 Mar 1776

J. L. F. Le Marois born in Briquebec

11 Jun 1776

J. Constable born in East Bergholt, Suffolk

4 Jul 1776

American Declaration of Independence

16 Aug 1776

J. R. Coignet born in Druyes-les-Belles-Fontaines (Yonne)

25 Aug 1776

D. Hume dies, Edinburgh

Dec 1777

Extinction of the Wittelsbach line. Austria tries to strengthen position in Empire

3 Jan 1777

M. A. E. Bonaparte born in Ajaccio

7 Feb 1777

L. Aune born in Arles

6 Dec 1777

A. F. J. M. de Pezay dies at Pezay, nr Blois

23 Dec 1777

Czar Alexander born in St Petersburg

9 Jan 1778

L. I. De Berchény dies, Luzancy nr La-Ferté-sous-Jouarre

10 Jan 1778

C. von Linné dies in Uppsala

8 Mar 1778

J. T. Arrighi de Casanova born in Corte (Corsica)

30 May 1778

F. M. Arouet (Voltaire) dies in Paris

2 Jul 1778

J. J. Rousseau dies in Ermenonville, nr Paris

5 Jul 1778

Opening of hostilities in War of Bavarian Succession. Prussia tries to prevent Austria from annexing Bavaria. Massive invasion of Bohemia. Western army (Prince Henry) ran out of supplies & stopped short of Prague. Eastern army (Frederick) stopped by Lacy

2 Sep 1778

L. Bonaparte born in Ajaccio

25 Dec 1778

Napoleon arrives in France (at Marseille) for the first time

14 Feb 1779

J. Cook dies at Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii

6 Mar 1779

A. H. Jomini born in Payerne, Switzerland

May 1779

Napoleon enters the military academy at Brienne

May 1779

Treaty of Teschen. End of the War of the Bavarian Succession. Austria received Inn district, renounced designs on Bavaria. Russia guarantor

8 May 1779

C. P. Romanov born in Tsarskoe Selo

Oct 1779

Josephine arrives in France for the first time, at Brest

13 Dec 1779

Josephine marries Alexandre de Beauharnais

Note: These chronologies were prepared while the author was researching Napoleon's 1796-7 campaign in Italy, and they naturally refer largely to people who were involved in that campaign, or had a hand in shaping the military history of the period leading up to it. They were never intended to be complete or exhaustive, and they have been posted here merely in case the information contained in them should be of interest to others. However, when time permits, the author hopes to add further material.

The chronologies were compiled from standard reference works, but while the usual efforts were made to ensure accuracy, there may be errors. As always, it is advisable to cross-check. The major source works were:

Balteau, J., and others, eds. Dictionnaire de biographie française. Paris, 1933-
Berthelot, P.-E.-M., and others, eds. La grande encyclopédie. Paris, 1887-1902
Biographie nationale de Belgique. Brussels, 1866-1986
Der Grosse Brockhaus. Leipzig, 1928
Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford (various editions)
Ferrabino, A., and others, eds. Dizionario biografico degli Italiani. Rome, 1960-
Hassall, A., European History, Chronologically Arranged (476-1920). London, 1920
Hoefer, D., ed. Nouvelle biographie universelle/générale. Paris, 1852-66
Liliencron, R., von, and Wegele, F. X., eds. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. Leipzig, 1875-1912
Michaud, ed. Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne. Paris, 1843-?
The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago, c1997
The Pengiun Atlas of World History. London, 1794
Treccani, G., ed. Enciclopedia italiana. Milan, 1929-37
Wurzbach, C., von. Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. Vienna, 1856-91

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