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1790

1790

Discovery of contact electricity by Galvani

1790

Prussia mobilises in Silesia, threatening Austria. Britain opposes this

13 Feb 1790

Religious orders (except for those engaged in teaching or charitable work) suppressed in France

20 Feb 1790

Emperor Joseph II dies in Vienna, accession of Leopold II

6 May 1790

J. A. H. de Guibert dies in Paris

11 Jun 1790

Rising in Avignon (ruled directly by Pope) expels papal administration. Avignon petitions for reunion with France.

19 Jun 1790

Titles of hereditary nobility abolished in France

12 Jul 1790

Civil Constitution of the Clergy.

14 Jul 1790

G. E. von Loudon dies in Neutitschein

14 Jul 1790

First Fête de la fédération

17 Jul 1790

Adam Smith dies in Edinburgh

20 Jul 1790

Convention of Reichenbach: Prussia feels thwarted by Britain, and begins to seek other allies

Aug? 1790

Prussian envoy sent to Paris to seek alliance with the French government

10 Aug 1790

Authority over the French military passes directly to the National Convention.

Sep 1790

Prussian envoy sent to Vienna to seek an alliance. It was proposed that Austria should take French Flanders, and Prussia the duchies of Jülich and Berg, whose rulers were to be compensated with parts of Alsace

4 Sep 1790

Resignation of Necker.

29 Oct 1790

Josephine arrives in Toulon after visiting Martinique with Hortense

Nov 1790

Publication of Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France.

27 Nov 1790

Decree imposing civic oath on French clergy.

26 Dec 1790

King Louis sanctions the clerical oath.

Note: These chronologies were prepared while the author was researching Napoleon's 1796-7 campaign in Italy, and they naturally refer largely to people who were involved in that campaign, or had a hand in shaping the military history of the period leading up to it. They were never intended to be complete or exhaustive, and they have been posted here merely in case the information contained in them should be of interest to others. However, when time permits, the author hopes to add further material.

The chronologies were compiled from standard reference works, but while the usual efforts were made to ensure accuracy, there may be errors. As always, it is advisable to cross-check. The major source works were:

Balteau, J., and others, eds. Dictionnaire de biographie française. Paris, 1933-
Berthelot, P.-E.-M., and others, eds. La grande encyclopédie. Paris, 1887-1902
Biographie nationale de Belgique. Brussels, 1866-1986
Der Grosse Brockhaus. Leipzig, 1928
Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford (various editions)
Ferrabino, A., and others, eds. Dizionario biografico degli Italiani. Rome, 1960-
Hassall, A., European History, Chronologically Arranged (476-1920). London, 1920
Hoefer, D., ed. Nouvelle biographie universelle/générale. Paris, 1852-66
Liliencron, R., von, and Wegele, F. X., eds. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. Leipzig, 1875-1912
Michaud, ed. Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne. Paris, 1843-?
The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago, c1997
The Pengiun Atlas of World History. London, 1794
Treccani, G., ed. Enciclopedia italiana. Milan, 1929-37
Wurzbach, C., von. Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. Vienna, 1856-91