Historical information on the net!

1795

1795

Third Partition of Poland: dissolution of the state

? Jan 1795

Pichegru pushes into United Provinces (Holland), capturing the fleet at Texel.

15 Jan 1795

Kellermann reinstated with previous rank

23 Jan 1795

French occupy Amsterdam

3 Feb 1795

Pérignon captures Rosas.

17 Feb 1795

Hoche brings temporary peace to La Vendée

21 Feb 1795

Decree separating Church and State

Feb-Mar? 1795

Creation of the Batavian Republic, satellite and ally of France.

3 Mar 1795

Kellermann again appointed commander of the armies of the Alps and Italy

5 Mar 1795

Carnot leaves Committee of Public Safety.

Apr 1795

Napoleon appointed to command the artillery of the Army of the West fighting the royalists in Brittany. When his request for a job with the Army of the Alps is refused he applies for sick leave, which he spends in Paris

1 Apr 1795

Journée of 12 germinal

5 Apr 1795

Peace with Prussia signed at Basle. Prussia recognised French claims to the left bank of the Rhine, while France agreed to the neutralisation of North Germany.

16 Apr 1795

Peace with Holland signed at the Hague

6 May 1795

Pérignon is defeated at Bascara.

20-23 May 1795

Journées of prairal

23 May 1795

Paris sections disarmed

30 May 1795

Schérer replaces Pérignon as commander of the Army of the Pyrenees.

8 Jun 1795

Death of the Dauphin

24 Jun 1795

Comte de Provence, self-styled Louis XVIII, issues proclamation from Verona

26 Jun 1795

Luxembourg falls to the French after an eight-month siege.

27 Jun 1795

émigrés land at Quiberon Bay

Jul? 1795

Pichegru appointed commander of the Army of Rhine and Moselle.

16-20 Jul 1795

Hoche defeats French royalists and British at Quiberon

22 Jul 1795

Peace with Spain signed at Basle.

Aug 1795

Pichegru initiates secret contacts with émigrés.

Aug? 1795

Peace between France and Saxony, Hesse-Cassel, and Hanover.

21 Aug 1795

Napoleon given a position in the Planning Centre in Paris

22 Aug 1795

Convention approves Constitution of the Year III

Sep 1795

Napoleon made head of mission to reorganise Turkish artillery. Prepares to go to Turkey

Sep 1795

An army of 100,000 allies under Clerfayt stood opposite Jourdan. Wurmser had 85,000 east of the Upper Rhine.

Sep 1795

Augereau transferred to the Army of Italy.

3 Sep 1795

Jourdan (Army of Sambre and Meuse) defeated by the Archduke Charles at Würzburg and gives up his command.

15 Sep 1795

Moncey appointed commander of the 11th division at Bayonne.

5 Oct 1795

Insurrection of 13 Vendémiaire and 'whiff of grapeshot'

26 Oct 1795

Convention is dissolved and the Directory is formed

27 Oct 1795?

Napoleon becomes c-in-c of the Army of the Interior

29 Oct 1795

Austrians under Clerfayt defeat Pichegru at Mainz

31 Oct 1795

J. Keats born in London

Nov? 1795

Pichgru defects to the Austrians.

15 Nov 1795

British withdraw after failing to make a landing on the Poitou coast.

24 Nov 1795

Battle of Loano

21 Dec 1795

Clerfayt consents to a general armistice on the Rhine front.

Note: These chronologies were prepared while the author was researching Napoleon's 1796-7 campaign in Italy, and they naturally refer largely to people who were involved in that campaign, or had a hand in shaping the military history of the period leading up to it. They were never intended to be complete or exhaustive, and they have been posted here merely in case the information contained in them should be of interest to others. However, when time permits, the author hopes to add further material.

The chronologies were compiled from standard reference works, but while the usual efforts were made to ensure accuracy, there may be errors. As always, it is advisable to cross-check. The major source works were:

Balteau, J., and others, eds. Dictionnaire de biographie française. Paris, 1933-
Berthelot, P.-E.-M., and others, eds. La grande encyclopédie. Paris, 1887-1902
Biographie nationale de Belgique. Brussels, 1866-1986
Der Grosse Brockhaus. Leipzig, 1928
Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford (various editions)
Ferrabino, A., and others, eds. Dizionario biografico degli Italiani. Rome, 1960-
Hassall, A., European History, Chronologically Arranged (476-1920). London, 1920
Hoefer, D., ed. Nouvelle biographie universelle/générale. Paris, 1852-66
Liliencron, R., von, and Wegele, F. X., eds. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. Leipzig, 1875-1912
Michaud, ed. Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne. Paris, 1843-?
The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago, c1997
The Pengiun Atlas of World History. London, 1794
Treccani, G., ed. Enciclopedia italiana. Milan, 1929-37
Wurzbach, C., von. Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich. Vienna, 1856-91