The Global Reference ArchiveThe Chronicle of
The Chronicle of
Human Existence.
18,458Biographies
12,498Historical Events
2,054Armed Conflicts
995Nobel Laureates
62Inventions
111Countries
Today in History
July 11 · 36 events975
975 battle in Muslim Iberia
975 battle in Muslim Iberia
war
1299
Battle that took place on 4 July 1299 at St Marco di Val Demone, north-western Sicily
Battle that took place on 4 July 1299 at St Marco di Val Demone, north-western Sicily
war
1332
1332 battle in Ethiopia
1332 battle in Ethiopia
war
1543
1543 treaty between England and Scotland
1543 treaty between England and Scotland
politics
1569
1569 union of Poland and Lithuania
1569 union of Poland and Lithuania
politics
Macro Indicators
Global Data HubTrillions USD
Years at birth
% annual
Tons per capita
The Encyclopedia Matrix
Famous People
18,458 recordsBirthdays
366 day pagesDeaths
366 day pagesWars & Conflicts
2,054 recordsHistorical Events
12,498 eventsNobel Prizes
995 laureatesInventions
62 recordsEmpires
1,406 realmsDynasties
Royal lineagesTreaties
0 treatiesPeriods & Eras
Historical spansDisasters
1,430 recordsPlaces
Historic sitesPopulation Data
111 nationsEconomic Data
Macro indicatorsChronology of Conflicts
Explore Military HistoryArchives by Nation State
Browse All 111 CountriesTimeline Navigation
All YearsExplore centuries for key events, births, and deaths per decade.
Nobel Laureates
2025 Winners →The Nobel Prize Archive
Complete records of all 995 laureates across 6 categories since 1901.